authors
Rinzing Ongmu Bhutia

abstract
Green finance has emerged as a pivotal mechanism in steering global economies toward sustainable development, integrating environmental considerations into financial decision-making processes. By mobilizing capital flows toward low-carbon technologies, renewable energy projects, and ecologically restorative initiatives, it functions as both a catalyst for climate change mitigation and an instrument for socio-economic resilience. This paradigm transcends traditional investment frameworks by internalizing environmental externalities, fostering innovation in sustainable business models, and aligning fiscal growth with planetary boundaries. The evolution of green finance underpinned by regulatory reforms, market-driven instruments such as green bonds, and the increasing influence of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) criteria reflects a paradigm shift in global financial systems. Nevertheless, its scalability is contingent upon harmonized policy frameworks, transparent reporting standards, and the equitable distribution of financial resources across both developed and emerging economies. In essence, green finance represents not merely an economic imperative but an ethical commitment to recalibrating the nexus between prosperity and ecological stewardship.